File - English meaning

verb

Scrape or wear away by friction or erosion.

Usage examples:

It was a landscape slowly abraded by a fine, stinging dust

noun

A collection of historical documents or records providing information about a place, institution, or group of people.

Usage examples:

Source materials in local archives

verb

Place or store (something) in an archive.

Usage examples:

The challenges involved in displaying and archiving information on the web are huge and the move to…

noun

The documents showing the history of a place, organization, or family, or the place where these are kept

Usage examples:

The author’s manuscripts are in the college archives., i’m doing some archival research on my famil…

verb

Put (things) in a neat, attractive, or required order.

Usage examples:

She had just finished arranging the flowers

verb

Put into a proper or systematic order

verb

To plan or make preparations for something or for something to happen

Usage examples:

[ t ] he arranged a meeting between the two leaders., [ + to infinitive ] my friends arranged to ea…

noun

A cover for holding magazines or loose sheets of paper together.

Usage examples:

What covers my binders, folders, notebooks, and textbooks?

noun

A stiff cover that can hold loose papers, often having a part that fastens them

Usage examples:

A three-ring binder

noun

A short document showing an agreement between a buyer and a seller, used for a short period while the complete document is being prepared

Usage examples:

A binder agreement, in the case of a real estate purchase, a binder contains the basic terms of the…

noun

A container with a flat base and sides, typically square or rectangular and having a lid.

Usage examples:

A cigarette box

verb

Put in or provide with a box.

Usage examples:

Each piece is boxed with a certificate of authenticity

noun

A slap with the hand on the side of a person's head.

Usage examples:

She gave him a box on the ear

noun

A yellowish-beige colour.

Usage examples:

A buff envelope

verb

Polish (something).

Usage examples:

He buffed the glass until it gleamed

adjective

(of a person or their body) in good physical shape with well-developed muscles.

Usage examples:

The driver was a buff blond named march

verb

Polish (something, especially metal) by rubbing.

Usage examples:

To burnish copper, i would probably use a drill with a pad attached to the end

noun

The shine on a highly polished surface.

Usage examples:

She wiped them off and underneath the furry tendrils of dust, the burnish of the old polish still g…

noun

A vehicle equipped for living in, typically towed by a car and used for holidays.

Usage examples:

They spent a fishing holiday in a caravan

noun

A group of people with vehicles or animals who travel together for safety through a dangerous area, esp. across a desert on camels

noun

A complete list of items, typically one in alphabetical or other systematic order.

Usage examples:

The catalogue offered profiles of some social justice ngos from around the world who had been using…

verb

Make a systematic list of (items of the same type).

Usage examples:

It will be some time before the collection is fully catalogued

noun

A book that contains a list of all the products that you can buy from a company, including descriptions and prices for each product

Usage examples:

The auction house produces a catalogue full of colour photographs for each sale, available two week…

verb

Place in a particular class or group.

Usage examples:

Silk is categorized as a luxury import

verb

To put people or things into groups of people or things that have the same features

Usage examples:

Categorize sb/sth as sth you can categorize your company's strategy as a reactor, defender, analyze…

noun

A series of linked metal rings used for fastening or securing something, or for pulling loads.

Usage examples:

He slid the bolts on the front door and put the safety chain across

verb

Fasten or secure with a chain.

Usage examples:

She chained her bicycle to the railings

noun

A length of metal rings that are connected together and used for fastening or supporting, and in machinery

Usage examples:

She looped the chain around her bike and locked it to the fence., mary wore a silver chain around h…

verb

Arrange (a group of people or things) in classes or categories according to shared qualities or characteristics.

Usage examples:

Mountain peaks are classified according to their shape

verb

Arrange or order by categories

verb

To divide things into groups according to type

Usage examples:

We classify our books by subject.

noun

An upright pillar, typically cylindrical, supporting an arch, entablature, or other structure or standing alone as a monument.

Usage examples:

A wide entrance portico of eight ionic columns

noun

A tall, vertical post used as a support for the roof of a building or for decoration

Usage examples:

A column of soldiers, a column of smoke, the article filled two columns., a column on sports, a col…

noun

A vertical block of printed text on a page of a newspaper or magazine

Usage examples:

The article appears in the second column on page two., she continued to write her column until shor…

noun

A group of ships or vehicles travelling together, typically one accompanied by armed troops, warships, or other vehicles for protection.

Usage examples:

A convoy of lorries

verb

(of a warship or armed troops) accompany (a group of ships or vehicles) for protection.

Usage examples:

American destroyers helped to convoy much-needed supplies to britain in 1917–18

noun

A group of ships or vehicles that travel together, esp. for protection

Usage examples:

A convoy of supply ships

noun

A large predatory semiaquatic reptile with long jaws, long tail, short legs, and a horny textured skin.

Usage examples:

They could see the scaled skin of crocodiles and alligators along with an assortment of fish swimmi…

noun

A large, hard-skinned reptile (= type of animal) with a longer and narrower nose than that of an alligator which lives in and near rivers and lakes in hot, wet places

verb

Come or go into (a place).

Usage examples:

She entered the kitchen

noun

A key on a computer keyboard which is used to perform various functions, such as executing a command or selecting options on a menu.

Usage examples:

The games are rather shallow and require only the use of the four arrow keys and the enter key on y…

verb

To come or go into

noun

A folding cover or holder, typically made of stiff paper or card, for storing loose papers.

Usage examples:

The bell rang and i stuffed my loose paper into a folder as i threw the pen in a bag and grabbed al…

noun

A folded piece of thin cardboard for holding loose papers

noun

A piece of plastic or cardboard folded down the middle and used for keeping loose papers in

Usage examples:

She handed me a folder containing the schedule of talks., you can back up files and folders with tw…

verb

Give a fresh look to (something old or shabby); renovate.

Usage examples:

I needed until august to fully furbish the two front rooms

verb

To make something, especially a room or building, look clean, new and in good condition

Usage examples:

The homes are already furbished or in the process of being refurbished., we were given a tour of th…

noun

(in a book or set of books) an alphabetical list of names, subjects, etc. with reference to the pages on which they are mentioned.

Usage examples:

Clear cross references supplemented by a thorough index

verb

Record (names, subjects, etc.) in an index.

Usage examples:

The list indexes theses under regional headings

noun

An alphabetical list, such as one printed at the back of a book showing on which page a name or subject appears, or computer information ordered in a particular way

Usage examples:

If you want to find the place in the text that henry james is mentioned, look it up in the index., …

noun

A long, narrow mark or band.

Usage examples:

A row of closely spaced dots will look like a continuous line

verb

Stand or be positioned at intervals along.

Usage examples:

A processional route lined by people waving flags

verb

Cover the inside surface of (a container or garment) with a layer of different material.

Usage examples:

A basket lined with polythene

noun

A part of the trunk or a large branch of a tree that has fallen or been cut off.

Usage examples:

She tripped over a fallen log

verb

Enter (an incident or fact) in the log of a ship or aircraft or in another systematic record.

Usage examples:

The incident has to be logged

noun

Short for logarithm.

Usage examples:

Log values

verb

Walk in a military manner with a regular measured tread.

Usage examples:

Thousands marched behind the coffin

noun

An act or instance of marching.

Usage examples:

The relieving force was more than a day's march away

verb

(of a country, territory, or estate) have a common frontier with.

Usage examples:

His estate marches with yours

noun

The arrangement or disposition of people or things in relation to each other according to a particular sequence, pattern, or method.

Usage examples:

I filed the cards in alphabetical order

verb

Give an authoritative instruction to do something.

Usage examples:

She ordered me to leave

verb

Logical arrangement of different elements

verb

Arrange systematically; order.

Usage examples:

Organize lessons in a planned way

verb

Arrange by systematic planning and united effort

verb

To make the necessary plans for something to happen; arrange

Usage examples:

The group organizes theater trips once a month., they organized a meeting between the students and …

noun

A public procession, especially one celebrating a special day or event.

Usage examples:

A st george's day parade

verb

(of troops) assemble for a formal inspection or ceremonial occasion.

Usage examples:

The recruits were due to parade that day

verb

A ceremonial procession including people marching

noun

A small recess for a domestic pigeon to nest in.

Usage examples:

It's fortunate that they set up those pigeonholes because some of the pigeons have come home to roo…

verb

Assign to a particular category, typically an overly restrictive one.

Usage examples:

I was pigeonholed as a ‘youth writer’

verb

To put someone or something into a group or type, often unfairly

Usage examples:

He’s was pigeonholed early on in his career as a gospel singer.

verb

Make the surface of (something) smooth and shiny by rubbing it.

Usage examples:

Behind the bar the steward polished glasses busily

noun

A substance used to give something a smooth and shiny surface when rubbed in.

Usage examples:

A tin of shoe polish

adjective

Relating to poland, its inhabitants, or their language.

Usage examples:

The most difficult discussions centred on the polish government and poland's frontiers.

noun

A large, thin, flat case for loose sheets of paper such as drawings or maps.

Usage examples:

Under his arm he carried a large portfolio of drawings

noun

A large, flat container used for carrying large drawings, documents, or other papers

Usage examples:

A stock portfolio

noun

A collection of different investments that are owned by a particular person or organization

Usage examples:

An investment portfolio, a property portfolio, have/hold a portfolio these funds are less risky bec…

noun

A number of people or vehicles moving forward in an orderly fashion, especially as part of a ceremony.

Usage examples:

A funeral procession

noun

A line of people, vehicles, or objects moving forward in an organized manner, esp. as part of a ceremony

Usage examples:

A funeral procession, there was tight security along the processional route.

noun

A line or sequence of people or vehicles awaiting their turn to be attended to or to proceed.

Usage examples:

Upon the group's return a queue of vehicles had lined up to go across the river.

verb

Take one's place in a queue.

Usage examples:

In the war they had queued for food

noun

A line of people or things waiting for something

Usage examples:

There was a long queue for tickets at the theater., fans queued up to buy tickets.

noun

A harsh, grating noise.

Usage examples:

The rasp of the engine

verb

Make a harsh, grating noise.

Usage examples:

My breath rasped in my throat

noun

A thing constituting a piece of evidence about the past, especially an account kept in writing or some other permanent form.

Usage examples:

You should keep a written record

verb

Set down in writing or some other permanent form for later reference.

Usage examples:

They were asked to keep a diary and record everything they ate or drank

verb

Anything providing permanent evidence about past events

verb

Remove impurities or unwanted elements from (a substance), typically as part of an industrial process.

Usage examples:

Sugar was refined by boiling it in huge iron vats

verb

To make a substance pure by removing unwanted material

Usage examples:

Sugar and oil are refined before use., we haven’t finished refining the plan yet.

verb

To improve something or to make it pure, especially by removing material that is not wanted

Usage examples:

Crude oil is industrially refined to purify it., engineers spent many months refining the software.

noun

A number of people or things in a more or less straight line.

Usage examples:

Her villa stood in a row of similar ones

verb

Propel (a boat) with oars.

Usage examples:

Out in the bay a small figure was rowing a rubber dinghy

noun

A spell of rowing.

Usage examples:

The two friends had gone for a light row and were turning the double scull boat opposite the boat s…

verb

Apply firm pressure to the surface of (something), using a repeated back and forth motion.

Usage examples:

She rubbed her arm, where she had a large bruise

noun

An act of rubbing.

Usage examples:

She pulled out a towel and gave her head a quick rub

abbreviation

Russian rouble(s).

noun

Paper with sand or another abrasive stuck to it, used for smoothing or polishing woodwork or other surfaces.

Usage examples:

Use steel wool or a fine grade of sandpaper to smooth out the affected area and an inch or two of t…

verb

Smooth with sandpaper.

Usage examples:

I knew i wasn't going to fix it up by sandpapering it or refining it anymore.

verb

Drag or pull a hard or sharp implement across (a surface or object) so as to remove dirt or other matter.

Usage examples:

Remove the green tops from the carrots and scrape them

noun

An act or sound of scraping.

Usage examples:

He heard the scrape of his mother's key in the lock

verb

Cut the surface of; wear away the surface of

noun

The external form, contours, or outline of someone or something.

Usage examples:

She liked the shape of his nose

verb

Give a particular shape or form to.

Usage examples:

Most caves are shaped by the flow of water through limestone

abbreviation

Supreme headquarters allied powers europe.

adjective

Having an even and regular surface; free from perceptible projections, lumps, or indentations.

Usage examples:

Smooth flat rocks

verb

Give (something) a flat, regular surface or appearance.

Usage examples:

She smoothed out the newspaper

adverb

In a way that is without difficulties.

Usage examples:

The course of true love never did run smooth

noun

A quantity or supply of something kept for use as needed.

Usage examples:

The squirrel has a store of food

verb

Keep or accumulate (something) for future use.

Usage examples:

A small room used for storing furniture

noun

A place where you can buy goods or services

Usage examples:

A grocery/hardware/video store, convenience/department stores, she has a store of anecdotes (= a la…

noun

Material consisting of threads of cotton, hemp, or other material twisted together to form a thin length.

Usage examples:

Unwieldy packs tied up with string

verb

Short for stringboard.

noun

A thin length of cord

Usage examples:

[ u ] a piece of string, guitar strings are made from steel or nylon., violins, cellos, and double …

verb

Arrange (data) in tabular form.

Usage examples:

The system is designed to enable users to extract, analyse, and tabulate data

verb

To arrange facts, numbers, or other information in the form of a table

Usage examples:

We plan to tabulate the findings of our survey.

verb

To arrange information in the form of a table (= in rows or columns)

Usage examples:

The results of the survey have not yet been tabulated., the reports tabulated statistics on income,…

verb

Teach (a person or animal) a particular skill or type of behaviour through practice and instruction over a period of time.

Usage examples:

The scheme trains people for promotion

noun

A series of connected railway carriages or wagons moved by a locomotive or by integral motors.

Usage examples:

A freight train

verb

Educate for a future role or function

noun

Soldiers or armed forces.

Usage examples:

Un peacekeeping troops

verb

(of a group of people) come or go together or in large numbers.

Usage examples:

The girls trooped in for dinner

noun

A group of soldiers or police, esp. one equipped with horses

Usage examples:

Hundreds of thousands of visitors troop through the museum every year.